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【323433】2023九年级数学上册 第22章 一元二次方程 一元二次方程的判别式课后练习二(含解析

时间:2025-01-16 18:34:10 作者: 字数:2532字
简介:


一元二次方程的判别式


 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 重难点易错点解析

题一:

题面:若一元二次方程 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 有实数解,则m的取值范围是( )

A.  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> B.  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> C.  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> D.  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>


金题精讲

题一: <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>

题面:若关于x的一元二次方程x2 4x + 2k = 0有两个实数根,则k的取值范围是( )

Ak2 Bk2 Ck>2 Dk<2



满分冲刺

题一:

题面:方程 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 有两个实数根,则 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> k的取值范围是(  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> ).

Ak1 Bk1 C k1 Dk1



题二:

题面:关于x的一元二次方程x23xk=0有两个不相等的实数根.
 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 1)求k的取值范围.
2)当k取最小整数值时,是关于k的方程k2mk3=0的一个根,求方程的另一个根.




题三:

题面:关于x的方程 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 的根的情况是




课后练习详解

重难点易错点解析

题一:

答案:B

详解:由一元二次方程有实数根,得到根的判别式大于等于0,列出关于m的不等式,求出不等式的解集即可得到m的取值范围:

一元二次方程 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 有实数解,∴△=b24ac=224m≥0,解得:m≤1

m的取值范围是m≤1.故选B


金题精讲

题一:

答案:B

详解:由于已知方程有两个实数根,根据一元二次方程的根与判别式的关系,建立关于k的不等式,解不等式即可求出k的取值范围:∵a1b=4c2k,且方 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 程有两个实数根,∴△=b24ac168k≥0,解得,k≤2.故选B


满分冲刺

题一:

答案:D

详解:当k=1时,原方程不成立,故k≠1 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>

k≠1时,方程 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 为一元二次方程。

此方程有两个实数根,

 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> ,解得:k≤1

 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> ,∴k≤1

综上k的取值范围是k1.故选D


 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 二:

答案:(1k> <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> ;(2 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>

详解:(1x的一元二次方程x2-3xk=0有两个不相等的实数根,
∴△=
b24ac=9+4k
0,解得k> <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>
2)∵k> <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>

最小的整数为2
k= 2代入关于k的方程k2mk3=0中得:4+2m3=0
 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 得:m=  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>方程k2mk3 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> =0为:2k2+k6=0
设另一根为x,则根据根与系数的关系得:2x= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>

解得:x= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> ,故方程的另一 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 根为 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>

题三:

答案:无实根.

详解: <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a>  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> <a href="/tags/931/" title="判别" class="c1" target="_blank">判别</a> 原方程无实根.



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