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【350045】湘教版七年级数学下册课后作业:1.2.2加减消元法(第1课时)(含答案)

时间:2025-03-06 06:40:50 作者: 字数:2188字
简介:

课时作业(三)

加减消元法 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> (1课时)

(30分钟 50)

一、选择题(每小题4,12)

1.方程组的解是(  )

A. <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> B. <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

C. <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> D. <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

2.已知 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> x+y的值为(  )

A.9 B.-9 C.0 D.不能确定

3.若二元一次方程2x+y=3,3x-y=22x-my=-1有公共解,m的值为(  )

A.-2 B.-1 C.4 D.3

二、填空题(每小题4,12)

4.(2013·泉州中考)方程组 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 的解是    .

5.已知|x+y-2|+(2x- <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 3y+5)2=0,x=    ,y=    .

6.已知方程组 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 的解满足 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> x+2y= <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> k,k=    .

 

三、解 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 答题(26)

7.(8)解下列二元一次方程组

(1)(2013·成都中考)

(2)(2013·滨州中考) <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

8.(8)若方程组 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 的解是 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> (a+b)2-(a-b)(a+b)的值.

 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 【拓展延伸】

9.(10)在解方程组 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> ,哥哥正确地解得 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 弟弟因把c写错而解得 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> a+b+c的值.

 

 

答案解析

1.【解析】D.①+②,7x=1 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 4,x=2,x=2代入①,3×2+7y=9,7y=3,y= <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> .

所以方程组的解为 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

2.【解析】A.两个方程相加得x+y=9.

3.【解析】D.解方程组 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 可得: <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

代入2x-my=-1,:2-m=-1,解得:m=3.

4.【解析】两个方程相加,2x=4,x=2,x=2代入x+y=3,2+y=3,所以y= <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 1,所以原方程组的解是 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

答案: <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

5.【解析】由非负数性质得 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 解得 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

答案: <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>   <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

6.【解析】解方程组 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>  <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

代入x+2y=k,k=-3.

答案:-3

7.【解析】(1)①+②,3x=6,所以x=2.

x=2代入,2+y=1,所以y=-1.

所以方程组的解为 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

(2)

 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> ,x=4+y, 

代入,3(4+y)+4y=19,

12+3y+4y=19,y=1.

y=1代入③,x=4+1=5.

所以方程组的解为 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

8.【解析】 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 代入方程组 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 解得 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> [a=0,b=1代入(a+b)2-(a-b) <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> (a+b),

原式=(0+1)2-(0-1)(0+1) <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> =1-(-1)×1=2.

【高手支招】本题还可以用整体代入法,解法如下:

 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 代入方程组 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>  <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

整理得 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

所以(a+b)2-(a-b)(a+b)=12-(-1)×1= <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 2. <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

9.【解析】 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 代入 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>  <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 可解出c=-2, <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 代入ax+by=2,-2a+2b=2,组成方程组 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a>

解得 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> 所以a+b <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/46/" title="答案" class="c1" target="_blank">答案</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/381/" title="作业" class="c1" target="_blank">作业</a> +c=4+5-2=7.

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